Santa María la Blanca is a temple located in the Spanish city of Toledo. Built in 1180 as a synagogue and having functioned as such for 211 years, it was expropriated and transformed into a church as a result of the pogrom of 1391. Today the building belongs to the Catholic Church, but no worship takes place there. It is open to the public and functions as a museum or centre for both cultural and educational activities.

Built in 1180 (as attested by the inscription on one of its beams), this Mudejar building has five naves separated by pillars supported by horseshoe arches. Although there is a certain contrast between the sobriety of the synagogue's exterior and its elaborate interior, the building is not lacking in austerity. In the Eastern tradition, the building itself 'lives' inwards. This synagogue had considerable influence on other Spanish synagogues, such as the synagogue in Segovia.

It is a Mudéjar construction, created by Muslim stonemasons. Its architectural elements include smooth white walls made of brick, horseshoe arches and octagonal pillars, geometric decoration in the friezes and vegetal decoration in the capitals of the pillars. All these characteristics and the layout of the spaces, with their naves formed by a succession of horseshoe arches supported by pillars, tend to recall the typology of a mosque. The interior layout and Moorish style of Santa María la Blanca served as a model for important European and American synagogues of the 19th century.

The 32 pillars of this church are made of brick covered with cement and lime. Ornamented with pine cones and volutes, their capitals are influenced by Romanesque art. Above the horseshoe arches, abstract ornamentation prevails in horizontal friezes that include mouldings with delicate motifs based on the interplay of lines and medallions. The geometric interlacing formed by the lines is of Almohad origin.