Calahorra Tower is a fortress of Islamic origin conceived as an entrance and protection of the Roman Bridge of Córdoba (Spain). It was declared a Historic-Artistic Site in 1931, along with the Roman bridge and the bridge gate.

It is part of the historic center of Córdoba that was declared a World Heritage Site by Unesco in 1994.

The first allusions to the tower, located on the southern bank of the Guadalquivir River, come to us in 1236 with the Castilian conquest of Córdoba at the hands of King Fernando III, as it made the invasion difficult.

The fortress is named again in the 14th century during the First Castilian Civil War, in which the brothers Pedro I and Enrique II of Castile fought for the Castilian throne, the latter being the winner. Enrique will provide the fortress with a moat and a second tower, linked to the original one by means of a drawbridge; a coat of arms of Castilla y León is still visible on the outside from this period.

To the two existing towers, a third was added, all of them being joined by two cylinders with the same height as those. After the appearance of gunpowder, various embrasures are built in the walls to be able to fire said explosive projectiles. In 1514, Juana I of Castile ordered the creation of a barbican around the enclosure for better defense and protection, consolidating itself with the aspect that can be seen today.

The building went through various uses over the centuries, although it stood out especially for being a prison for nobles, as well as a female educational center (1863) and a Civil Guard barracks. Mayor Antonio Cruz-Conde obtained the transfer of the building to the City Council in 1952 and, after a process of restoration, its doors opened on April 29, 1953 with an exhibition for the V centenary of the birth of the Great Captain with objects donated by the Royal Armory, the Army Museum or the Simancas Archive. Among the authorities were the mayor and Francisco Franco. After the end of the exhibition in December, the unfinished works were completed and on November 19, 1956 it was inaugurated as the Historical Museum of the City.

In addition, the tower housed historical documents, as well as it was the scene of some meals for personalities such as the kings of Jordan, Hussein and Dina.

In 1987, the Institute for the Dialogue of Cultures (Fundación Roger Garaudy, now Fundación Paradigma Córdoba) will be ordered to manage, which installs an audiovisual museum called Museo Vivo de al-Ándalus that presents a cultural overview of the medieval apogee of Córdoba between the 9th centuries. and XIII, based on the coexistence of Christian, Jewish and Muslim cultures.

In January 2007, the restoration of the fortress was carried out as part of the "Plan of actions in the Roman Bridge of Córdoba and surroundings" undertaken by the Junta de Andalucía.