The main dome of the Basilica del Pilar is an essential part of its structure and exterior image. Located at the crossing point between the nave and the central section of the church, it is accompanied by ten other domes distributed throughout the temple. These are covered with glazed tiles in bright green, yellow, blue and white, which contributes to the characteristic silhouette of the basilica.

The main dome, which crowns the central space, was decorated in 1872 as part of an ambitious artistic program promoted after the damages suffered during the War of Independence. The project, led by Bernardino Montañés, involved the participation of outstanding Aragonese painters of the time, who depicted religious scenes such as the Coronation of the Virgin, the Aragonese martyrs, the holy bishops, the evangelists and other characters linked to the religious history of the region.

This set of domes, together with the towers and the rest of the baroque architecture, give the temple its unmistakable appearance, making it one of the most recognizable symbols of Zaragoza and an important center of Marian devotion.